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Severity
High
Analysis Summary
APT34 (also known as OilRig or Helix Kitten) is a cluster of Iranian government-backed cyber espionage activities that has been active since 2014. The group is known to target various international organizations, mainly in the Middle East. Among their targeted industries are government agencies, financial services, energy and utilities, telecommunications, and oil and gas. In late January 2020, a file named survey.xls was discovered that was designed to look like an employee satisfaction survey tailored to either Westat employees or Westat customers. At first the spreadsheet appeared to be blank. Only once the victim enables macros, the survey is displayed to the user and the malicious VBA code begins to execute.The embedded VBA code unpacks a zip file into a temporary folder, extracts a “Client update.exe” executable file and installs it to “C:UsersvalsClient update.exe”. “Client update.exe” is actually a highly modified version of the TONEDEAF malware, which is named TONEDEAF 2.0. Finally, the crtt function creates a scheduled task “CheckUpdate” that runs the unpacked executable five minutes after being infected by it, as well as on future log-ons.
Impact
- Unauthorized Code Execution
- Detection Evasion
- Information Theft
Indicators of Compromise
Domain Name
manygoodnews[.]com
Filename
- Client update[.]exe
- survey[.]xls
MD5
- 17150a137c43235ad07011b552f9ff27
- b15552213169ad3b8efb14470987a335
- 51e362e8dc8d5ed7228af47ed913242a
- 8beb7bb883a091d2690982d9d46d3bb4
- e2fc67d5572f66f92c21a9d95a4df2d0
SHA-256
- c10cd1c78c180ba657e3921ee9421b9abd5b965c4cdfaa94a58e383b45bb72ca
- a897164e3547f0ce3aaa476b0364a200769e8c07ce825bcfdc43939dd1314bb1
- d61eecd7492dfa461344076a93fc2668dc28943724190faf3d9390f8403b6411
- 20b3d046ed617b7336156a64a0550d416afdd80a2c32ce332be6bbfd4829832c
- 4c323bc11982b95266732c01645c39618550e68f25c34f6d3d79288eae7d4378
Remediation
- Block the threat indicators at their respective controls.
- Do not download files/click on URLs attached in untrusted emails.
- Do not enable macros for files coming from unverified sources.